Kandy Esala Perahera is one of the grandest and most vibrant religious festivals in Sri Lanka. Celebrated with great enthusiasm and devotion, this annual event is steeped in rich tradition and cultural significance. It takes place in the historical city of Kandy. It was the last capital of the Sinhala kings, during the Esala month (July/August) when the full moon graces the skies. The festival revolves around the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha, enshrined in the Temple of the Tooth, locally known as “Sri Dalada Maligawa.” Let’s explore the captivating spectacle that is the Kandy Esala Perahera.
The History of Kandy Esala Perahera
The origins of the Kandy Esala Perahera can be traced back to ancient times. It is believed to have begun during the reign of King Kirthi Sri Meghavarna in the 3rd century BC. The king initiated the procession to seek blessings from the gods for good rainfall and a bountiful harvest. Over the centuries, the Perahera evolved, incorporating elements from Buddhism and local folklore. Today, it stands as a symbol of religious devotion, cultural heritage, and national pride.
Significance and Rituals of the Festival
Kandy Esala Perahera holds immense significance for Buddhists in Sri Lanka. The procession is a form of veneration and a means of seeking blessings for the country and its people. It is believed that the sacred tooth relic of Lord Buddha brings prosperity, protection, and well-being to those who witness the Perahera. The festival also serves as a time of spiritual reflection and renewal of faith.
The rituals associated with the festival are deeply ingrained in Buddhist customs. They include the “Kap” ceremony, where the cutting of the sacred Bo tree takes place to make the main casket that holds the tooth relic. The “Kap Situweema” ritual marks the commencement of the Perahera, followed by “Diyakepuma”.
The Preparation and Organization
Preparations for the Kandy Esala Perahera commence months in advance. The Diyawadana Nilame, the chief lay custodian of the Temple of the Tooth, plays a crucial role in overseeing the entire event. Elaborate plans are made to ensure a seamless and majestic procession, and the city of Kandy undergoes a captivating transformation.
Artisans and craftsmen work tirelessly to create stunning ornaments, decorative structures, and traditional costumes for the procession participants. Hundreds of elephants, adorned with colourful garments and elaborate ornaments, become the central focus of the spectacle. The city’s streets are festooned with bright lights and traditional decorations, adding to the magical ambience.
The Magnificent Procession
As the day of the Perahera approaches, the anticipation and excitement among the devotees reach a crescendo. The procession begins with the “Kumbal Perahera,” a relatively simple yet mesmerizing event. It is followed by the “Randoli Perahera,” which takes place over several nights and is the grandest and most elaborate part of the festival.
Each night, the procession grows in size and grandeur. Dancers, drummers, whip crackers, flag bearers, and fire performers accompany the ornately decorated elephants. Traditional dance forms such as the “Kandyan Dance” and “Udarata Natum” are performed, captivating the audience with their rhythmic movements and vibrant costumes. The atmosphere is filled with the scent of incense, the sound of devotional music, and the sights of captivating pageantry.
Dance and Music Performances
The Kandy Esala Perahera is renowned for its captivating dance and music performances. The “Pantheru” procession, featuring traditional drummers, is a sight to behold. The rhythmic beats of the drums create an electrifying atmosphere, and spectators can’t help but be swept away by the energy and spirit of the performers.
Dancers decked in elaborate costumes move gracefully, narrating stories from ancient folklore and legends. The “Ves” dance, performed by dancers wearing extravagant masks, adds an air of mystique and enchantment to the procession. Each performance is a testament to the rich cultural heritage of Sri Lanka.
The Grand Finale: Randoli Perahera
The pinnacle of the Kandy Esala Perahera is the “Randoli Perahera,” which occurs on the final night of the festival. The splendour of this night surpasses all others, leaving spectators in awe of its magnificence. The streets of Kandy are thronged with enthusiastic crowds, both locals and tourists, eager to witness this breathtaking extravaganza.
The sacred tooth relic, encased in an intricately designed golden casket, takes centre stage in a majestic tusker, parading through the streets in all its glory. The elephant is adorned with regal attire and illuminated by countless lights, creating a surreal spectacle. The procession winds its way through the city, accompanied by melodious music and vibrant dances, leaving an indelible impression on all who witness it.
Cultural and Economic Impact
The Kandy Esala Perahera not only holds immense cultural and religious significance but also has a profound economic impact on the region. Thousands of tourists flock to Sri Lanka every year to experience this awe-inspiring festival, contributing significantly to the country’s tourism industry. Local businesses thrive during this period, as visitors indulge in traditional cuisine, purchase souvenirs, and immerse themselves in the unique culture of Kandy.
Moreover, the festival plays a crucial role in preserving Sri Lanka’s cultural heritage. It provides a platform for traditional artisans and performers to showcase their skills, ensuring the continuity of these art forms for generations to come.
Challenges and Modern Adaptations
Despite its grandeur and significance, the Kandy Esala Perahera faces certain challenges in the modern era. The increased commercialization and growing tourist numbers pose a risk of diluting the authenticity of the event. Striking a balance between preserving tradition and accommodating modern preferences remains a delicate endeavour for the organizers.
Schedule of Kandy Esala Perahera 2023
image Source : www.esalaperahera.com
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